Turkey-European Union (EU) relations pose a multi-dimensional, complicated and dynamic nature. Turkey’s accession to the EU as a full member will bring about several institutional, political, economic and identity-based impacts for both sides. One of these areas is security-related issues. There are lots of factors affecting the security-based relations between Turkey and the EU. These factors have also enabled the EU to build up a security perception towards Turkey. The article mainly focuses on the three important developments leading to the systemic changes in international relations among several factors which have shaped the security dimension of Turkey-EU relations. The three important turning points are ‘the beginning of the Cold War’, ‘the end of the Cold War’ and ‘terrorist attacks against the USA on 11 September 2001’. The specific conditions and dynamics of the periods following the three important turning points in international relations have created a general framework for the security-based relations between Turkey and the EU. In other words, the article aims to analyze the security dimension of Turkey-EU relations by classifying three periods based on the developments which take into account the turning points for international relations. These periods can be called as the following: ‘Cold War Period’; ‘the period between the end of the Cold War and terrorist attacks against the USA on September 11, 2001’; and finally ‘the post-9/11 era. While the EU’s security perception towards Turkey had been shaped in a positive way during both the Cold War period and post-9/11 era, the EU had a negative security perception towards Turkey in the 1990s due to different security conceptualizations, threat perceptions, and security approaches of both sides.
Keywords: European Union, Turkey, Security, Security Perception, Cold War, September 11
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