Literary genres are not static patterns in which certain fixed forms, contents, and styles are dull. They differ, change and evolve with almost every new text. Any text belonging to a genre rarely has all of the characteristic features of the genre. This also applies to underground literature. As a matter of fact, avant-garde examples of underground literature, which has become one of the dominant literary trends/currents/genres of the age in which we live, are based on the first literary productions of humanity. Underground literature, which we find archaic examples in mythological, religious and traditional narratives, is characterized by names such as picaresque, gothic, marginal literature, non-canon literature, anarchist literature, transgressive literature. These interrelated genres have a common point of being a narrative form opposing canonical literature, although they have some differences in content and form. Underground literature has recently gained a new dimension by associating with genres/trends such as postmodern, global, police, dystopian, political, psychological, cyberpunk and erotic literature. All these facts further complicate underground literature, a very controversial genre. In this article, the emergence of underground literature as a genre, its historical development process and its current panorama will be discussed in the context of genre theory.
Keywords: Underground literature, Historical development of Underground literature, Literary genres, Literary movements.
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